Which type of load draws current that is directly proportional to the voltage?

A linear load draws current in direct proportion to the voltage applied across it. This means that if the voltage increases, the current will also increase proportionally, following Ohm's Law, which states that current (I) is equal to voltage (V) divided by resistance (R) (I = V/R). Linear loads behave in a predictable manner, allowing for straightforward calculations and analysis in electrical circuits.

In contrast, non-linear loads do not maintain a constant ratio of current to voltage; they can introduce harmonic distortion and other complexities due to their variable relationship. Inductive loads, such as motors and transformers, typically draw current that is out of phase with the voltage, resulting in a phase shift rather than a direct proportionality. Capacitive loads also introduce phase differences and reactance, which similarly disrupt the simple proportional relationship. Hence, the correct understanding clearly highlights that linear loads solely maintain a direct proportional relationship between voltage and current.