What type of transformer decreases voltage?

A step-down transformer is specifically designed to decrease voltage while increasing current in an electrical circuit. This type of transformer operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction and has more turns of wire on its primary winding compared to its secondary winding. When alternating current (AC) flows through the primary winding, it creates a magnetic field that induces a lower voltage in the secondary winding, where there are fewer turns of wire. This reduces the voltage that is output from the secondary side relative to the input voltage on the primary side.

In applications where lower voltage levels are needed for distribution or to match the requirements of certain electrical devices, step-down transformers are essential. Their role is crucial in reducing voltage for safe usage in residential and commercial systems, making them a fundamental component in power distribution networks.