What type of loads cause distortions in the current waveform?

Non-linear loads are the correct answer because they draw current in a non-linear way, which means they do not produce a current wave that is a smooth sine wave as would be expected in an ideal system. Instead, non-linear loads, such as computers, LED lighting, and variable frequency drives, result in distortion of the current waveform. This distortion can create harmonics in the electrical system, which can lead to various issues such as overheating, equipment malfunctions, and reduced efficiency in power delivery.

In contrast, linear loads, like resistive and inductive loads, consume energy uniformly and maintain a linear relationship between voltage and current, resulting in a clean sine wave current waveform without significant distortion. Resistive loads, such as heaters and incandescent light bulbs, draw current that is directly proportional to the voltage, while reactive loads, which include inductive and capacitive components, can introduce phase shifts but typically do not distort the waveform as non-linear loads do.