What law states that resistance is equal to voltage divided by current?

The correct answer is Ohm's Law, which articulates the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in an electrical circuit. Specifically, Ohm's Law states that the resistance (R) of a conductor is equal to the voltage (V) across it divided by the current (I) flowing through it, expressed mathematically as R = V/I. This fundamental law is crucial for understanding how electrical circuits function, as it allows for the calculation of one quantity if the other two are known. Ohm's Law is widely applied in various electrical engineering and physics scenarios, serving as a foundational principle for circuit analysis and design.

In contrast, Kirchhoff's Law refers to the principles of conservation of charge and energy in electrical networks, while Faraday's Law relates to electromagnetic induction, and Newton's Law pertains to classical mechanics, making them relevant in very different contexts from Ohm's Law. Understanding the correct application of Ohm's Law is essential for anyone working with electrical systems, enabling effective troubleshooting and circuit design.