What is the primary function of capacitors in buffering?

The primary function of capacitors in buffering is to stabilize voltage fluctuations. Buffers are used in electrical and electronic circuits to ensure that the voltage levels remain consistent despite varying loads or power supply changes. Capacitors can store electrical energy and release it as needed to maintain a steady output voltage.

When there are sudden changes in load, a capacitor can quickly provide additional charge to prevent a drop in voltage, or it can absorb excess energy to prevent voltage spikes. This ability to smooth out voltage fluctuations is crucial in many applications, such as power supplies, where stable voltage is essential for the proper operation of connected devices.

In contrast, the other options describe functions that capacitors do not primarily serve in buffering applications. Increasing current flow relates to resistance and circuit design principles, converting AC to DC is primarily the function of rectifiers, and providing resistive load does not typically pertain to the role of capacitors in buffering processes.