What is the functionality of an AC-DC converter?

An AC-DC converter is specifically designed to change alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). This is crucial in many electronic applications as devices like computers, mobile phones, and battery-powered systems rely on DC for operation. The conversion involves using components such as diodes for rectification, which allow current to flow only in one direction, effectively converting the bidirectional AC into a unidirectional DC output. This process often includes filtering to smooth out the voltage and reduce ripple, providing a cleaner DC output suitable for sensitive electronic devices.

The other functionalities listed do not pertain to the nature of an AC-DC converter; it does not convert DC to AC, stabilize voltage levels, or measure power consumption. Each of those tasks corresponds to different types of electrical devices or components, such as inverters (for DC to AC conversion), voltage regulators (for stabilization), and wattmeters (for measuring power consumption). Therefore, the correct functionality of an AC-DC converter lies in its ability to convert AC into DC.