In an electrical context, what does "short circuit" refer to?

A "short circuit" occurs when an unintended low-resistance connection allows current to flow along an unintended path, typically bypassing the normal load in the circuit. This results in a significantly higher current than the circuit is designed to handle, which can lead to overheating, equipment damage, or even fire.

In this context, a circuit with no resistance accurately captures the essence of a short circuit, as the term implies that the flow of electricity is not impeded by a load or resistance that would normally limit current. This situation is dangerous and requires protective devices, such as fuses or circuit breakers, to interrupt the current flow and prevent potential hazards.

The other options describe characteristics that do not align with the definition of a short circuit. A circuit with multiple paths refers to parallel circuits where current can take more than one route, while a circuit designed for high voltage refers to those intended to operate at elevated voltage levels and does not imply a short circuit situation. Lastly, a circuit with an open connection describes a break in the path that prevents current from flowing entirely, which is the opposite of a short circuit.